Materials science and engineering provide the keys to future technologies, economic wealth and sustainable growth. They are also the keys to mastering many of the challenges for the next generation, such as the development of new energy sources and the reduction of pollution. Because of these many different aspects, materials scientists and engineers use a large number of experimental techniques. Neutron scattering has always been an important tool for the provision of structural information on the atomic scale and for the understanding of dynamical properties of solids and liquids. Because of its sustained success in providing unique answers to materials science problems, neutron scattering has become increasingly popular among materials scientists and likewise engineers. Today the advance of numerous materials science topics relies heavily on the availability of strong neutron sources. Presently the data acquisition is often too slow for in-situ and real-time studies of dynamic changes and process monitoring. Modern technologies demand information from smaller sampling regions, sometimes buried in larger component volumes or environmental chambers, samples in complex environments, samples in real time evolution and from samples in extreme fields.

Flagship	Instrument required
Lubrication	Back scat. 1.5 meV
Deformation and Damage	Eng. diffractometer
Energy Conversion	High resolut. powder
Magnetoelectronics	High res. reflectometer
Process monitoring	Normal tomography Bragg-edge tomography
Monitoring protons	Cold chopper